Home / cs-notes / Language / Java / Basic / Math / Random / nextDouble

    /**
     * Returns the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed
     * {@code double} value between {@code 0.0} and
     * {@code 1.0} from this random number generator's sequence.
     *
     * <p>The general contract of {@code nextDouble} is that one
     * {@code double} value, chosen (approximately) uniformly from the
     * range {@code 0.0d} (inclusive) to {@code 1.0d} (exclusive), is
     * pseudorandomly generated and returned.
     *
     * <p>The method {@code nextDouble} is implemented by class {@code Random}
     * as if by:
     *  <pre> {@code
     * public double nextDouble() {
     *   return (((long)next(26) << 27) + next(27))
     *     / (double)(1L << 53);
     * }}</pre>
     *
     * <p>The hedge "approximately" is used in the foregoing description only
     * because the {@code next} method is only approximately an unbiased
     * source of independently chosen bits. If it were a perfect source of
     * randomly chosen bits, then the algorithm shown would choose
     * {@code double} values from the stated range with perfect uniformity.
     * <p>[In early versions of Java, the result was incorrectly calculated as:
     *  <pre> {@code
     *   return (((long)next(27) << 27) + next(27))
     *     / (double)(1L << 54);}</pre>
     * This might seem to be equivalent, if not better, but in fact it
     * introduced a large nonuniformity because of the bias in the rounding
     * of floating-point numbers: it was three times as likely that the
     * low-order bit of the significand would be 0 than that it would be 1!
     * This nonuniformity probably doesn't matter much in practice, but we
     * strive for perfection.]
     *
     * @return the next pseudorandom, uniformly distributed {@code double}
     *         value between {@code 0.0} and {@code 1.0} from this
     *         random number generator's sequence
     * @see Math#random
     */
    public double nextDouble() {
        return (((long)(next(26)) << 27) + next(27)) * DOUBLE_UNIT;
    }

private static final double DOUBLE_UNIT = 0x1.0p-53; // 1.0 / (1L << 53)